Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with advanced fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and shows a synergistic effect with type 2 diabetes mellitus

AbstractBackground Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic worldwide. Whether moderate alcohol consumption plays a role for progression of NAFLD disputed. Moreover, it not known which tool ideal assessment in NAFLD. This study aimed to evaluate if assessed with different methods, including biological marker phosphatidylethanol (PEth), associated advanced fibrosis Methods We conducted cross-sectional patients biopsy-proven All participants were clinically evaluated medical history, blood tests, and anthropometric measurements. Alcohol was using PEth blood, questionnaire AUDIT-C, clinical interview. Findings 86 included 17% had fibrosis. reported < 140 g/week. Average weekly higher group Moderate consumption, independently method assessment, increased probability (adjusted OR 5.5–9.7, 95% CI 1.05–69.6). Patients type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) consuming amounts significantly rate compared those low (50.0–60.0% vs. 3.3–21.6%, p 0.05). Conclusions irrespective (clinical interview, PEth), ? 50 ng/mL may be indicating risk T2DM highest fibrosis, synergistic effect insulin resistance on histopathological